Assessment of the genetic diversity, population structure and allele distribution of major plant development genes in bread wheat cultivars using DArT and gene-specific markers

Abstract Knowledge of the degree genetic diversity can provide fundamental information to breeders for use in various breeding programmes, instance selection lines with better adaptability. The analysis 188 winter wheat genotypes demonstrated that this group cultivars could be divided into four clusters based primarily on geographical origin. first contained mostly American and Asian cultivars, while cluster 2 consisted Central European 3 Hungarian South 4 mainly from Western Europe. Cultivars used programmes East were found all clusters. Wheat originating region Europe proved have greater variability than Northern Among clusters, there also differencies frequencies winter–spring alleles Vrn-A1 , Vrn-B1 Vrn-D1 vernalisation response genes sensitive–insensitive Ppd-B1 Ppd-D1 photoperiod genes, which explained differences heading date as well.